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      | C5版:应时数据
    新会计准则增厚九成公司股东权益
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    新会计准则增厚九成公司股东权益
    2007年03月27日      来源:上海证券报      作者:
      □民生证券研究所 田东红

      

      从已披露的四百多家上市公司年报看,一部分企业的股东权益在新旧会计准则下有较大的差异,整体而言,新准则下的股东权益高于旧准则下的股东权益。在这四百多家公司中,新会计准则下,股东权益增长的占90%,减少的不足10%。另外,股东权益由于新会计准则的影响变化超过10%以上的上市公司占约三分之一,其中影响较大的改变股东权益3倍以上,如岁宝热电、SST闽东。但由于股东权益变化的原因不同,对我们的投资判断也很不一样,例如岁宝热电股东权益的大幅变化是由于持有大量的可变现金融资产的重新估值,其股东权益的变化值得关注;而ST建峰股东权益的大幅变化主要是由于少数股东权益的调整计算,并没有形成实质影响。

      所以说,对这类影响变化较大的上市公司必须关注引起变动的原因,以免造成投资决策的误判。

      新会计准则下,在所有引起股东权益变化的因素中,影响最大、最普遍的是少数股东权益,根据新准则规定,少数股东权益从原来的单独列示调整到股东权益当中综合汇报。据统计,已披露的四百多家上市公司中由于少数股东权益带来上市公司股东权益数值变化有410亿,平均每家上市公司增加一亿元。

      而影响较大,反映了上市公司即时价值的因素主要体现在两方面:一方面是上市公司持有的金融资产的变化。旧会计制度规定,企业用于短期投资的股票、债券、基金等,采用成本与市价孰低原则记账。而新准则规定,对于这类以交易为目的而持有的金融资产,要求将原来的按成本计量转为按公允价值计量;另一方面是转销长期股权投资差额,新准则规定,如果上市公司和这些被投资公司属于同一控制人控制,长期股权投资不确认长期股权投资差额,原有的长期股权投资差额的余额,在2007年1月1日全额转销,从而相应减少了股东权益。

      根据统计,已公布年报公司中由于长期股权投资差额造成股东权益变化的占到三分之一以上,而由于持有金融资产而改变股东权益的上市公司也占到近四分之一,两者的总金额大体相同,总额都超过60亿元,但影响股东权益的方向相反,以公允价值计量且其变动计入当期损益的金融资产以及可供出售金融资产带来的影响基本都是正面的,而长期股权投资差额影响则多数相反,仅有50多家增加了股东权益。

      必须关注的是,由于持有金融资产而改变股东权益较大的上市公司,当金融资产的价格变动时,其股东权益也在变化,因此,投资者在解读上市公司由于金融资产按公允价值计量所带来的盈利和股东权益的变化时要特别谨慎。

      新会计准则下股东权益变化较大的公司情况一览

    代码     简称        股东权益                股东权益(新)(万元)    股东权益变化    股东权益变化的部分主要因素                                                                                    

                         (旧)(万元)                                                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                        长期股权投资差额(万元)        金融资产以及可供出售金融资产(万元)    所得税            少数股东权益(万元)    其他

                                                                                                                                                            (万元)                                 (万元)

    600864    岁宝热电    42155.2                 193635.4             359.34%         0                             214767.69                             -72626.95         0                     9339.45

    000536    S ST闽东    776.61                 3341.97             330.33%         0                             0                                     2554.71         0                     10.65

    000430    S*ST张股    5605.06                 -5999.49             -207.04%        -14463.49                     0                                     71.8             2787.14             0

    000950    ST 建 峰    25356.77                52958                 108.85%         0                             0                                     0                 27601.22             0

    600721    S*ST百花    1654.72                 3194.96             93.08%         0                             0                                     1247.37         292.86                0

    000966    长源电力    88904.07                167818.42             88.76%         0                             0                                     730.88            78183.47             0

    000836    鑫茂科技    20691.22                37042.75             79.03%         64.44                         0                                     4421.61         11865.48             0

    600064    南京高科    141361.81             248626.92             75.88%         0                             106472.78                             382.79            409.54                0

    000683    天 然 碱    47255.35                82457.56             74.49%         0                             0                                     -176.25         0                     35378.45

    000939    凯迪电力    87136.8                 148938.78             70.93%         0                             0                                     379.72            61422.26             0

    000792    盐湖钾肥    207813.35             336501.03             61.92%         -55.41                        0                                     733.83            0                     128009.26

    600766    *ST 烟发    9836.82                 15836.97             61.00%         -488.43                     0                                     2809.65         3678.92             0

    600801    华新水泥    132076.11             212590.48             60.96%         0                             0                                     3579.58         137.02                76797.77

    000671    阳光发展    23928.17                38353.17             60.28%         0                             0                                     265.98            0                     14159.01

    600840    新湖创业    36053.54                55656.3             54.37%         -122.16                     45.65                                 822.09            19088.28             0

    600577    精达股份    38269.54                58850.36             53.78%         58.4                         0                                     2311.71         0                     18371.83

    600711    ST 雄 震    -2454.13                -1163.37             52.60%         -161.86                     0                                     1139.68         0                     312.93

    000661    长春高新    31784.18                48474.28             52.51%         -116.04                     0                                     400.73            16554.94             0

    000546    光华控股    22709.97                12043.44             -46.97%         -11025.07                     0                                     72.5             0                     286.04

    600509    天富热电    70902.09                104155.89             46.90%         0                             1.27                                 71524.5         32631.39             -70903.36

    000566    海南海药    22836.13                33341.56             46.00%         0                             0                                     1590.65         8914.77             0

    600616    第一食品    72746.32                106130.16             45.89%         -336.31                     0                                     522.66            33197.49             0

    000422    湖北宜化    142191                 206873.78             45.49%         0                             760.48                                4122.62         59799.68             0

    600886    国投电力    312844.73             451664.53             44.37%         -58735.72                     0                                     -1107.38         198599                63.87

    600615    ST 丰 华    28173.62                16200.7             -42.50%         -11972.92                     0                                     0                 0                     0

    600096    云 天 化    279948.78             398545.44             42.36%         0                             94.62                                 299.43            0                     118202.62

    600713    南京医药    46492.95                65222.3             40.28%         55.65                         19.86                                 507.44            18146.4             0

    600053    中江地产    65211.86                39171.8             -39.93%         -26135.86                     0                                     85.88             0                     9.91

    000918    S*ST亚华    9508.89                 13283.07             39.69%         0                             0                                     724.33            0                     3049.85

    600331    宏达股份    161206.27             224341.06             39.16%         0                             0                                     542.08            62592.71             0

    000043    深南光A    41971.51                57502.26             37.00%         -167.83                     0                                     459.27            15239.3             0

    600798    宁波海运    106431.71             144391.64             35.67%         0                             0                                     355.01            37604.92             0

    600230    沧州大化    89569.36                121337.42             35.47%         0                             0                                     1104.82         30663.24             0

    600783    鲁信高新    30362.42                41088.71             35.33%         0                             0                                     1103.08         9623.21             0

    600075    新疆天业    131223.46             176645.48             34.61%         -1485.88                     0                                     665.03            46242.87             0

    000932    华菱管线    982962.46             1314810.82            33.76%         -2833.01                     0                                     3063.35         310768                0

    600619    海立股份    135430.25             181131.41             33.75%         63.23                         2661.63                             1049.15         44224.97             45.7

    600158    中体产业    87712.36                117105.84             33.51%         -456.86                     0                                     183.28            0                     29667.06

    600661    交大南洋    38575.06                51485.4             33.47%         -538.43                     0                                     111.52            13337.25             0

    000628    高新发展    34890.28                46199.08             32.41%         -60.8                         0                                     5018.21         0                     6351.39

    000912    泸 天 化    219373.61             287656.94             31.13%         0                             0                                     4967.22         62544.95             771.16

    000527    美的电器    348313.34             455142.41             30.67%         -147                         0                                     2983.1            0                     103992.97

    000010    S ST华新    6429.04                 8379.54             30.34%         0                             1950.5                                0                 0                     0

    600089    特变电工    179466.68             233099.94             29.88%         -704.42                     0                                     1027.35         53310.33             0

    000049    德赛电池    17552.15                22733.12             29.52%         -1994.82                     0                                     129.67            7046.12             0

    代码     简称        股东权益                股东权益(新)(万元)    股东权益变化    股东权益变化的部分主要因素                                                                                    

                         (旧)(万元)                                                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                        长期股权投资差额(万元)        金融资产以及可供出售金融资产(万元)    所得税            少数股东权益(万元)    其他

                                                                                                                                                            (万元)                                 (万元)

    000895    S 双 汇    200667.92             258506.61             28.82%         0                             0                                     1705.12         56133.57             0

    000829    天音控股    58364.5                 75079.58             28.64%         -10625.83                     0                                     2354.43         0                     24986.47

    000915    山大华特    28628.71                36807.76             28.57%         -155.48                     0                                     623.19            7711.33             0

    600792    马龙产业    15284.83                19646.84             28.54%         0                             0                                     578.61            3783.39             0

    600310    桂东电力    67994.09                87266.88             28.34%         -3100.57                     0                                     1263.4            21109.95             0

    000608    阳光股份    86273.4                 110373.1             27.93%         0                             5073.7                                -863.5            19889.5             0

    600408    安泰集团    109530.24             139826.67             27.66%         0                             19977.57                             -6505.81         0                     16998

    600396    金山股份    86105.43                109837.44             27.56%         0                             1.06                                 1164.96         22565.99             0

    600850    华东电脑    21663.49                27602.14             27.41%         0                             0                                     414.96            0                     5523.69

    000156    *ST 嘉瑞    -60904.53             -77161.66             -26.69%         -16345.48                     0                                     0                 88.36                 0

    600151    航天机电    127770.13             161516.37             26.41%         -257.19                     1436.71                             590.97            30630.99             1662.42

    000760    博盈投资    22169.94                28013.26             26.36%         0                             0                                     5296.66         546.66                0

    002119    康强电子    18198.89                22826.63             25.43%         0                             5906.93                             -1279.19         0                     0

    600846    同济科技    49864.22                62534.38             25.41%         66.89                         0                                     430.92            12188.57             0

    600152    维科精华    73338.9                 91945.27             25.37%         8.59                         0                                     791.98            17220.55             585.26

    000970    中科三环    96345.46                120300.88             24.86%         4.21                         0                                     90.97             23860.24             0

    600822    上海物贸    56197.18                69991.28             24.55%         464.06                        1595.17                             311.65            11423.22             0

    600636    三 爱 富    73799.39                91340.86             23.77%         0                             0                                     453.4             17088.07             0

    000778    新兴铸管    428273.86             527884.08             23.26%         -263                         0                                     6718.75         93154.47             0

    600122    宏图高科    105397.72             129628.62             22.99%         -20.2                         0                                     1644.63         22606.47             0

    600791    天创置业    29526.76                36149.92             22.43%         101.41                        0                                     446.61            6075.13             0

    000810    华润锦华    33198.46                40571.37             22.21%         -749.15                     0                                     144.8             7977.26             0

    000823    超声电子    94906.86                115736.73             21.95%         -156.21                     0                                     876.98            20109.09             0

    600523    贵航股份    47367.7                 57448.25             21.28%         -355.32                     0                                     354.79            0                     10081.08

    600258    首旅股份    87040.65                105508.42             21.22%         0                             0                                     120.14            18347.63             0

    600109    S 成建投    18082.03                21910.34             21.17%         0                             0                                     634.13            3194.17             0

    000703    世纪光华    18754.11                22650.56             20.78%         0                             0                                     1440.94         2455.51             0

    600208    中宝股份    198043.79             239096.47             20.73%         -1160.72                     141.45                                432.3             0                     41639.64

    600781    *ST 辅仁    11010.42                13283.66             20.65%         0                             0                                     134.31            0                     2138.92

    600500    中化国际    303195.28             364916.29             20.36%         0                             0                                     -2589.53         66305.54             0

    000791    西北化工    24091.2                 28947.21             20.16%         165.83                        0                                     907.16            3783.02             0

    000421    南京中北    43697.47                52453.91             20.04%         0                             0                                     670.52            10891.52             -2805.6

    000998    隆平高科    85903.1                 102685.07             19.54%         0                             90.18                                 375.47            16316.33             0

    600409    三友化工    127636.34             152349.04             19.36%         -31.94                        1912.84                             4827.1            18004.7             0

    600370    三 房 巷    74254.78                88567.81             19.28%         0                             0                                     146.47            0                     14166.55

    000031    中粮地产    133783.64             159532.6             19.25%         792.69                        16714.02                             -598.67         0                     8840.93

    600623    轮胎橡胶    149724.51             178436.11             19.18%         0                             394.02                                0                 1240.63             27076.96

    600553    太行水泥    72554.31                86454.94             19.16%         0                             0                                     786.3             0                     13114.33

    600419    *ST 天宏    18458.59                21966.88             19.01%         0                             0                                     0                 0                     3508.29

    600278    东方创业    103672.27             123199.42             18.84%         -1500.4                     4784.31                             3020.72         14546.98             0

    000578    S*ST数码    5979.84                 4872.8                -18.51%         -1169.64                     0                                     59.22             3.38                 0

    000968    煤 气 化    158261.04             187076.79             18.21%         0                             0                                     2343.59         26472.16             0

    600611    大众交通    270371.62             319419.21             18.14%         53                            11772.46                             29580.43         11051.22             0

    600726    华电能源    417256.73             342495.66             -17.92%         -377.11                     0                                     244.31            0                     4812.44

    600111    稀土高科    122690.41             144622.97             17.88%         0                             6.25                                 936.81            20989.51             0

      (数据来源:聚源数据 民生证券整理)