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    企稳迹象出现 市场超跌后或将反弹
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    企稳迹象出现 市场超跌后或将反弹
    2010年02月02日      来源:上海证券报      作者:
    齐鲁证券看 空                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    广发证券看 多                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         国海证券看 多                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         国联证券看 空                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                招商证券看 多

    刚刚过去的1 月份,沪深股市震荡下行,除了旅游、传媒等政策受益行业走势强劲,周期性行业、绩优股、大盘股均走势疲软。股指期货不改股市基本趋势,融资融券有助于完善股市运行机制。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             本次调整标志着市场的驱动力将从流动性转向盈利。随着经济复苏,货币政策的渐进退出成为必然。在经济复苏的条件下,继续大规模的信贷投放将进一步加剧通胀风险,因此,这段时间的货币政策紧缩主要是针对银行的信贷投放及其造成的通胀压力而实施的。由于信贷这一直接融资途径逐步收紧,实体经济的资金需求必须通过资本市场这一途径加以补充,因此2010年也是资本市场融资压力较大的一年。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         上周上证综指收盘于2989.29点,周跌幅4.45%,但成交量萎缩四成多,创下近几个月来的新低。展望本周大盘走势,大盘有望止跌回稳,甚至有望出现技术性的超跌反弹。从技术面看,上证指数前周大跌3%之后,上周再度大跌4.45%,技术指标超卖严重,大盘有技术性反弹的要求。上周四周五的盘面显示,大盘有止跌回稳的迹象。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     在流动性退潮速度快于预期的影响下,市场行情呈现结构性特征,在上证综指和深圳成指反复震荡的格局下,所谓的市场的高点由中小板创出。经济增速过快引致通胀上行,实际利率趋于告负,是当前最重要的行情转折信号,“上下半场”转换已经确立。流动性配置的上半场结束。自2月开始,“下半场”侧重业绩的防御投资和主题性投资机会将成为主要策略逻辑。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         最近市场处于极度恐惧之中,恐惧通胀快速上升、恐惧货币政策调整像2004 年那样导致经济趋势和股市发生改变,我们认为市场有可能高估通胀形势和近期货币政策调整的影响效果。

    从中期看,我国宏观经济向好,上市公司业绩继续增长,沪深股市估值处于合理区间,故而股市趋中期趋势仍向好。但目前在宏观调控政策影响下,股市短期有可能进一步调整。上证指数的支撑位2800 点,阻力位3200 点。而在调控政策被市场充分消化,通胀压力明显缓和后,我国股市才能止跌回稳,重新恢复上升趋势。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     短期来看,市场在连续下跌之后本周有望迎来反弹,汇金公司可能采用外汇储备注资银行的消息将是一个刺激因素。由于政策紧缩的预期仍不明朗,反弹的力度可能有限。配置上,建议关注银行和消费中的零售、品牌服装、高端酒、旅游、医药和农业,主题投资关注与技术进步相关的新医药、生物育种、LED。美国经济将在一季度开始强力的库存回补,可能使出口继续超预期,建议关注与出口相关的电子、家具以及航运。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 从特征板块看,本轮下跌行情中,率先领跌的中小盘股普遍累计跌幅近达二成。而前期较为抗跌的银行、保险等大盘价值股上周出现大幅补跌,平均跌幅均在6%以上。这显示板块间均经过一轮重挫,市场做空动务得到较为充分的释放。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         2月投资首先须踏准宏调步骤,较大的上涨行情难以出现。不同于市场普遍预期,我们认为2010年宏观调控政策重点在于“紧信贷”,该措施下,宏观流动性偏紧;“融资冲动”下市场流动性前景亦不乐观,难以支持较大的上涨行情。2月市场难改震荡态势,春节前后可能有短暂行情。我们判断,当前市场运行中枢为3520点,波动范围在2800-4000之间,现阶段在中枢下方运行的概率较大。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     从宏观调控的手段和时机看,当前的力度要明显弱于2004 年的情况,而且我们也不认为未来的调控力度会达到2004 年时的状况。2004 年宏观调控时,经济已经全面过热,但当前根本不具备大力度宏观调控或者政策显著退出的条件。

    从技术面看,上证指数三次冲击3300点遇阻回落,短期震荡下行趋势已经形成。2009年9月双底2800点附近有一定支撑,250周均线、60月均线2600点附近有强支撑。预计2月初股市将延续调整趋势继续向下寻求支撑,支撑位2800点、2600点,获得支撑后有望转入震荡筑底时期。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    从历史经验可知,随着大盘的回稳,一些近期随大盘大跌而高成长较为确定的个股有望止跌回稳,甚至率先领涨反弹。本周建议短线重点配置近期超跌的高成长股。建议关注德豪润达、云维股份、盘江股份、江淮动力。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    所以我们认为不宜过度悲观:建议密切关注即将公布的数据,若CPI 能够保持在温和水平而不是加速上升、出口能够延续复苏趋势,那么市场对通胀的担忧和对经济趋势不确定性的恐惧都会有所缓解。行业方面继续推荐航空、化工、必需消费品如医药、食品饮料和服装等、主题投资继续推荐世博会相关的旅游等。另外,煤炭股快速下跌后估值已经合理,建议适度增加配置。

    兴业证券看 平                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    中金公司看 平                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         海通证券看 平                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         长城证券 看 平                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             民族证券看 空

    近期市场的走弱缘于投资者对宏观调控政策的担心,其中银行的过度放贷以及CPI的加速上行是引发市场恐慌情绪的直接原因。虽然宏观经济以及企业盈利增长趋势良好,但对政策不确定性的担忧,制约了整体市场估值水平的提升,也引发了基金减仓的羊群效应。对于政策紧缩可能带来经济“二次探底”的担心,似乎有些杞人忧天。政策调控的目的在于熨平经济波动,防范与化解金融风险,而可持续发展的宏观经济正是资本市场健康发展最重要的基石。对于A股市场来说,IPO定价过高以及中小盘题材股的泡沫化,才是风险隐患所在。对于估值偏低的大盘蓝筹股,建议在市场调整过程中逐步吸纳,耐心等待市场情绪恢复后的价值回归。                                                                                                                                                                             上周从全周来看,上证综指下跌4.5%收于2989点,深证综指下跌3.6%收于1120点,沪深300指数下跌4.8%收于3204点。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             上周市场出现破位大跌,关键位置半年线自去年12 月以来再度失守,周成交量比前周大幅萎缩了近40%,而且创下了自09 年5 月份以来的周成交量新低,杀跌的动力有所减弱。从个股表现看,煤炭、有色等周期类股票仍跌幅靠前,权重股中银行加入调整行列是上周股指持续下探的重要推手,显示市场对宏观调控的担忧。上周市场最明显的特征是全球股市再次出现了类似09 年8 月那样的整体下跌,这其中首当其冲的催化剂也许正是中国采取了明显超出预期的货币政策收紧措施。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             回顾上周A股下跌的主要原因仍然是市场对紧缩货币政策的担忧,这其中包括中国和美国。我们认为,加息或流动性紧缩会对股市产生短期的负面影响,但不影响股市的长期趋势;短期的下跌使估值吸引力逐渐提升,从而对市场底部形成有力的支撑;中期影响市场的因素将由货币政策向企业盈利转移,盈利增速能否超预期才是决定股市中长期走势的主导因素。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                在当前的市场,流动性决定“阶段性”个股合理估值水平,受目前A股市场资金面的影响,原来流动性充裕时“合理”的估值,现在就显得向上偏离“合理”水平,至于目前合理的估值水平在什么区域,还是取决于流动性收紧持续的时间和力度。而日后大盘要重返3050点—3350点,必须同时具备两个调整:1、充裕的流动性;2、对中国经济增长的强烈预期。短期内,上述两个条件似乎很难同时出现。

    本周A股将延续弱势震荡,建议规避题材股的调整风险,逢低关注低估值蓝筹股,中等风险投资者股票型资产配置比例维持6 成。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                政策面上,监管部门对商业银行信贷投放持续严控,投资者对政策退出的担忧仍在被市场消化之中,同时新股发行与再融资接踵而至,整周股指呈震荡下跌走势,与上周周报预期一致。 上证指数在“左右为难”的艰难平衡下,市场出现单边上扬概率很低。特别是,目前部分投资者开始担心政策的调控是否会最终导致业绩预期显著下调。虽然在快速下跌之后市场可能会有局部反弹,但政策不确定性并未真正解除,市场即使反弹幅度也将有限,低迷的格局有望继续。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         我们认为市场整体目前仍处于弱势,但随着货币政策的消化有利因素正在慢慢向着多方转化,当前3000 点一线仍需要反复考验,目前我们仍然保持谨慎观望的态度。但如果股指再次出现风险释放,2800-2900点一线我们将建议转向短期乐观,市场或许将迎来阶段性的机会。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     操作方面,根据对紧缩货币政策的分析,我们认为短期内市场对紧缩的担忧仍有待消化,主要是由于估值仍有下行空间、美国加息预期导致的美元上涨和大宗商品价格下跌、以及市场对企业利润增速需要重新判断。这种消化可以体现在时间上,也可以是空间上,所以我们建议投资者仍需保持谨慎的心态,2800点左右可适当吸纳。板块方面建议投资者关注医药、食品饮料、旅游、传媒、农业等下游消费类行业。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 我们认为,近期反弹力度的强弱决定日后调整深度。即反弹力度越强,反弹后调整就越温柔;若反弹力度越弱,反弹结束后调整的幅度就越大。目前,上证综指已经有效跌破3050点,意味着新一轮调整的帷幕已经拉开,最小量度下跌目标位2750点。而在2900点附近出现的技术性反弹力度不会太大,在反弹中大市值股票很难有好的表现,而小市值的科技股、区域经济概念股将表现出很好的弹性。

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     在市场整体机会不大的情况下,防御性的行业总体表现可能依然好于大盘,市场局部热点将依然是前期比较活跃的“概念”,包括“三网融合”、区域开发、世博会、出口、“建材下乡”、业绩与“高送转”等相关的个股。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

    江海证券看 多                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    山西证券看 空                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         德邦证券看 多                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         东北证券看 平                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                安信证券看 多

    上周市场继续下跌,信贷的调控和部分城市抑制房地产价格文件的出台以及海外市场调整再次增添市场压力。但上周后期A 股市场压力减轻,市场有企稳迹象。行业上,银行、地产和有色等权重板块跌幅较大,而医药、食品饮料等表现稍好。从流动性看,目前资金极度紧张的状况仅是暂时的,在经济复苏前景还不是特别明朗的情况下,当前并非央行大幅收紧流动性的有利时机。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 A股市场近期外部环境较差,美元走强,美股走弱,大宗商品价格大跌,港股走弱等不同程度的拖累了国内股市的表现。上周1年期央票发行利率维稳,但我们认为央行仅仅是象征性的适度缓解市场对加息的忧虑,未来货币政策调整趋紧的方向没有变。今年银行新增贷款数量可能低于预期,即低于市场预期的7-8万亿,货币政策收紧的程度或者说“适度宽松”的货币政策可能实际上是“适度偏紧”。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     上周两市呈现缩量下跌的态势。而从1月份用电增速有望超过30%来看,中国经济继续保持快速增长,我们仍然认为3000点反弹机会犹存。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             市场近段时期内发生较大幅度的调整,其原因我们认为主要有二:1、流动性弱化,市场估值较难提升,促使部分资金提前退场,导致市场在年末仅仅处于弱平衡状态,难以承受超预期的不利信息。2、出口好转、经济复苏,货币工具频出,政策超预期调整,冲击包括房地产在内的资产市场,打破了原本的股市弱平衡状态;美元升值、境外市场波动,联动性促使市场弱势运行。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 上周指数在失守半年线的弱势下,继续下探到3000点以下,创了震荡市以来的新低。而近期,由于宏观调控力度和频率远超市场预期,今年信贷总量以及企业盈利的预测均存在下调风险;随着实体经济资金需求的上升,如果因为央行通胀预期管理导致银行资金供给的紧张,银行资产配置调整的压力必然增加,很有可能造成实体经济和虚拟经济流动性供给的紧张;短期我们预计市场将产生一个较弱的反弹,仍建议投资者采取保守仓位策略。

    随着市场的调整压力逐步释放,部分行业将显示出较好的估值优势。短期我们预计市场将产生一定的反弹,但在政策预期及经济趋势明朗之前,指数整体机会有限,维持振荡的可能性较大。建议投资者重点关注受益于中央一号文件的农林牧渔,建筑建材,家用电器,保险等板块,适当配置与内需消费相关的医药生物,商业零售,食品饮料以及交通运输等社会服务业等板块,适当参与低碳,信息科技以及区域经济等主题的投资机会。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 此外,1月CPI水平可能超出市场预期达到4%左右,物价的上涨更容易诱发通胀预期的提高,所以我们判断1月份通胀数据披露前央行还可能有收紧货币的动作。具体到国内股票市场,我们维持此前的策略判断,暨市场将调整继续,同时调整中枢由于流动性等方面的原因下降至3000点以下。国内市场可关注受益于中央一号文件影响的农业股和建材下乡政策利好的建材股,警惕中小股票的调整风险。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         春节前夕,为了保持货币供应,前一两周历来是货币净投放的时期。尽管1月前三周信贷猛增,但经过监管部门的干预,新增信贷规模过高得以舒缓,最近两周公开市场操作已连续两周净投放。春节前夕出台紧缩政策概率不大,市场压力也将有所缓解。此次大盘自3268点高位下跌以来短短8个交易日跌幅高达8%左右,虽然最近3个交易日股指收于3000点之下,3000点作为市场心理和技术上的双层支撑关口,不会轻易跌破,鉴于市场短期超跌严重,且成交量已现地量水平,我们认为A股本周有望迎来短线反弹。策略上,美元已经进入升值趋势,资产将重新定价,中国开始结构性调整,有色、煤炭、原材料等周期性行业不看好,建议短线逢低买入世博概念股和受益融资融券的券商股。                                                                                                                                             当下市场风格还有持续;短期内是很难看到以储蓄资金、信贷资金为代表的股市增量资金。因此从资金面的角度看,市场特征表现为存量资金的轮动运行、但对需要大量资金运作的大盘股则显得力不从心;市场风格上强者恒强、大盘股保持弱势整理的特征还有望延续。我们认为,本周A 股市场流动性的总体格局难有变化,政策面趋紧、资金面以存量为主等因素也难成推升估值的动力,从而使得A 股弱势运行的基调短期难有改观。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 策略认为,从历史上看,为保证春节期间的货币供应,春节前一两周历来是货币净投放的时期,可缓解短期货币供应和流动性压力。基于资金面的考虑,市场在本周或存在弱势反弹,但建议投资者仍采取保守仓位策略,回避周期类股票,适当关注防御类如医药、商业零售、旅游等板块和年报高送转公司,如市场反弹明显,可逢高减持。(编辑 金苹苹)